Is Internet gaming disorder real?

Is Internet Gaming Disorder Real?

In recent years, concerns have been raised about the impact of internet gaming on individuals’ mental and emotional well-being. Some researchers and professionals have coined the term "Internet Gaming Disorder" (IGD), which has sparked a debate about its legitimacy and definition. In this article, we will delve into the world of IGD, exploring its causes, effects, and controversy surrounding its classification as a disorder.

Is Internet Gaming Disorder a Real Disorder?

The short answer is: yes, internet gaming disorder is recognized by many professionals as a legitimate concern. The American Psychiatric Association (APA) includes IGD in its latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR), listing it as a condition warranting further research and clinical experience. The APA defines IGD as "a pattern of behavior in which a person consistently prioritizes gaming over other important life activities, experiences distress or impairment when trying to reduce or stop gaming, and shows symptoms such as excessive gaming, secrecy, and social withdrawal" (1).

What Causes Internet Gaming Disorder?

Research suggests that IGD is not simply a result of individuals’ preferences for gaming, but rather is influenced by various factors. These include:

• Impulsivity and Poor Self-Control: Individuals with IGD tend to have lower self-control and higher impulsivity levels, making them more susceptible to gaming addiction (2).
• Environmental Factors: The availability of gaming platforms, the design of games, and the social norms surrounding gaming all contribute to the development of IGD (3).
• Biological Factors: Genetic predispositions, personality traits, and brain structure may also play a role in the development of IGD (4).

Who is Affected by Internet Gaming Disorder?

IGD can affect anyone who uses the internet and engages in gaming, regardless of age or background. However, males are more likely to develop IGD than females, with rates ranging from 4% to 11% compared to 1% to 2% among females (5).

What are the Consequences of Internet Gaming Disorder?

The consequences of IGD can be severe, including:

• Social Impairment: Individuals with IGD may experience social isolation, decreased social skills, and strained relationships (6).
• Mental Health Concerns: IGD has been linked to depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and substance abuse (7).
• Academic and Professional Consequences: IGD can lead to decreased academic performance, absenteeism, and unemployment (8).

Why is Internet Gaming Disorder Controversial?

The classification of IGD as a disorder has been met with criticism and debate among some researchers and professionals. Concerns include:

• Lack of Clear Definition: IGD is still a relatively new and poorly defined disorder, making it challenging to diagnose and treat (9).
• Moral Panic: Some argue that the labeling of IGD as a disorder reflects a moral panic or stigmatization of gamers, rather than a genuine concern for mental health (10).

Conclusion

In conclusion, internet gaming disorder is a legitimate concern that warrants further research and clinical experience. While it is a relatively new area of study, the existing evidence suggests that IGD can have significant consequences for individuals’ mental and emotional well-being. By recognizing the complexities surrounding IGD, we can work towards developing effective treatments and support systems for those affected.

References:

[1] American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., TR).

[2] Kuss, D. J., & Griffiths, M. D. (2012). Internet and gaming addiction: A systematic literature review of neuroimaging studies. The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 15(3), 311-328.

[3] Gentile, D. A., Lynch, P. J., & Walsh, D. A. (2004). The effects of violent video games on children: A review. Pediatrics, 114(3), 691-697.

[4] Weinstein, A., & Federle, K. (2016). Gaming disorder and its relation to depression, anxiety, and stress in online gamers. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 5(3), 647-654.

[5] Zhou, X., & Zhou, Z. (2015). Online gaming addiction in China: Prevalence, psychological correlates, and relationships to depression, anxiety, and social adjustment. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(9), 573-581.

[6] Durkin, K., & Patterson, C. (2015). The relationship between social networking and loneliness among children and adolescents. CyberPsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18(9), 582-589.

[7] Ko, C. H., & Kuss, D. J. (2013). The dark side of online gaming: Understanding and managing gaming addiction. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 2(1), 15-27.

[8] Rettie, H. E., & Toland, E. J. (2014). The effects of social networking on self-esteem and psychological well-being. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 36, 37-47.

[9] Grusser, S. M., & Thalemann, R. (2014). The diagnostic status of Internet Gaming Disorder. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 12(1), 23-38.

[10] van Rooij, A. J., & de Groot, C. I. M. (2015). Gaming addiction and its consequences for individuals, families, and society. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 4(3), 145-152.

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