What does a Cisco factory reset do?
A factory reset on a Cisco router or switch is a procedure that returns the device to its default settings, also known as the "factory defaults". This process resets all configurations, including router password, user login details, VLANs, and access controls. In this article, we will explore the details of what a Cisco factory reset does and when you may need to perform it.
What are factory defaults?
The factory defaults are the pre-programmed settings that are programmed into the device during its manufacturing process. When you reset a Cisco router or switch to its factory default, it will start using these default settings again, and all customized changes you made to the device will be lost.
Reset Types:
Cisco factory resets come in two forms: Hard Reset and Soft Reset.
- Hard Reset: A hard reset restores the device to its out-of-the-box configuration. It erases all startup configuration files, router boot sequence, and IOS boot parameters. This is done by pressing the power button for a few seconds to reset the device while the router is powered on.
- Soft Reset: A soft reset also known as a " power cycling" or "router reset", is a softer type of reset that leaves all settings intact. When the device is powered back on, it will keep the existing configuration.
Key Differences:
Before proceeding with a factory reset, it’s essential to know the differences between these two reset types:
Impact on Configuration
| Type | Impact on Configuration | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Hard Reset | Fully restores factory defaults, removes all customized settings and startup configurations. | Restoration to factory settings, reset configuration |
| Soft Reset | Keeps current settings intact, including customized configurations and startup information | Debug, restore individual configurations, or troubleshoot settings |
When to Factory Reset:
- Lost Password Recovery: When you forget the login password, a hard factory reset is the only option.
- Restore Device to Factory Settings: Perform a hard factory reset if you want to wipe off all customized settings, restoring the device to its initial state.
- Troubleshooting and Debugging: Soft resetting allows you to troubleshoot settings or debug issues with customized configurations.
- Replace or Upgrade a Failed Device: In situations where the device has become compromised or failed, resetting the device to its factory default state can be beneficial.
- Wiping Malware or Rogue Access: In cases of device infection or unauthorized access, a hard factory reset helps restore the device’s original configuration and remove unwanted applications or settings.
Executing a Factory Reset:
The process of resetting a Cisco router or switch depends on the device and your configuration. Here is a step-by-step process to help you execute a hard factory reset:
| Cisco Device | Reset Command | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Routers | "wr erase" or "wipeconfig" | Soft |
| Switches | "erase startup-config" or "write erase" | Hard |
| Core or Network Devices | Console input (e.g. press Ctrl+C) during boot-up |
Custom depends on device |
It’s essential to note that there may be variations or customized methods for specific device configurations.
Conclusion
Performing a Cisco factory reset should be done cautiously as it will erase all existing settings and configurations, leading to potential loss of functionality and data. By understanding the differences between soft and hard resets, it becomes clearer when to employ one or the other based on specific needs. Familiarizing yourself with device reset procedures and taking backup files, if possible, helps to minimize potential drawbacks during a factory reset operation.
References:
- [ Cisco Technical Support ] – Hard and Soft Reset Explanations
- [Cisco Document] – Using Cisco Factory Defaults
- [ Network World ] – Why you should perform a hard factory reset on Cisco gear
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