What kills the tree-of-heaven?

What Kills the Tree-of-Heaven?

The Ailanthus altissima, commonly known as the Tree of Heaven, is a widespread invasive tree species that can thrive in unexpected environments. However, like any organism, it is not immortal and is susceptible to various factors that can cause significant damage or even death. In this article, we will explore the most effective ways to kill the Tree of Heaven, keeping in mind the most common treatment methods and their corresponding outcomes.

Foliar Herbicides

The most common means of killing the Tree of Heaven is through chemical management. Glyphosate is the most effective herbicide that can be used against this invader. When applied as a foliage spray, it will be quickly absorbed by the tree, transport to the roots, and prevent further stem growth. For maximum effectiveness, best results are achieved when applied later in the growing season (mid-august) when the tree is preparing its roots for dormancy.

Triclopyr is another systemic herbicide that can penetrate the tree’s defenses and reach its roots. This chemical is not as effective as glyphosate on larger trees but still provides the necessary solution to combat smaller infestations.

Root System Injury

In addition to foliar methods, another effective means of disabling the Tree of Heaven is to target the sensitive root system. Viburnum spp. bark extract is known to promote the growth of fungi in the stump, ultimately preventing regrowth. This method, however, doesn’t guarantee instantaneous death or complete eradication.

• Viburnum bark extract – promotes microbial growth in the stump

Flame Weeding

Targeting the Tree of Heaven’s highly flammable sapwood, flammability flames can completely annul growth within a period of 2-5 years. Direct application of heat damage to targeted areas will reduce the tree’s metabolic processes, eventually weakening its overall plant structure.

Invasive Forest Management

For extensive infestation areas, a managed forest perspective is essential to understanding the Tree-of-Heaven’s habitat and ecological potential. Selective removal using manual or mechanical methods could be a crucial step for future management. Furthermore, post-treatment follow-up planning should incorporate measures, such as seed harvesting and germination monitoring, to ensure the target species is fully controlled and prevented from regrowth.

Combination Therapy (Multimodal Approach)

Combining treatment methods can exponentially increase the chances of a successful outcome
• Mechanical
• Flame burning
• Chemicals

To achieve permanent control, using a cocktail of methods, including both chemical approaches and manual treatments, is your best bet
• Ailanthus foliage spray
• Vibrurnum bark extract seed treatment
• Manual removal / stump grinding