What’s bigger than a city?

What’s bigger than a city? In today’s world of ever-growing urbanization and rapid population growth, exploring the concept of "something bigger than a city" becomes increasingly fascinating. Join us as we delve into the world of megascapes, megalopolises, and other impressive human settlements.

So, what’s bigger than a city?

We typically define a city as a large and permanent urbanized area with a recognizable boundaries and a large enough population to support a broad range of economic, residential, and recreational activities. So, what can potentially surpass the scale and infrastructure of a city? Before we dive into the more advanced concepts, let’s look at some interesting smaller forms of urban settlements.

Conurbation (Large Urban Area)

  • A conurbation can refer to a large population agglomeration – multiple cities or towns without defined boundaries, forming one contiguous urban area.
    • Example: The UK’s West Midlands conurbation is a significant urban network.
  • These areas do not necessarily have a "single" city, often encompassing multiple towns with separate identities.

The Hierarchy of Urbanity:

Level Description Range
Village Relatively small Less than 5,000
Town Medium-sized 5,000–20,000
City A more substantial More than 20,000
Metropolis or Mega-city Very Large (often over 2,000,000 inhabit.) More than a few million

Enter Megalopolis – Something Bigger than a City

  • A metropolis can be part of a larger megalopolis, a geographic confluence where distinct towns merge, forming a massive concentration of population and economic strength.
    • Example: BosWash, a megalopolis stretching from Boston and Washington D.C. – both major cities.

Other Examples of Megalopolis:

Megalopolis Combines Cities People
BosWash Boston, Washington 10 million
Northeast Corridor (NEC) New York City–Philadelphia–Boston +2 million
Southern California Megalpolis (SCM) Los Angeles, San Jose +10 million+

The Largest Megascapes:

Number Megalopolis Population Range (approx.) Major Cities
1 Pearl River Delta (PRD)
China
<5 million
More than 50 million
2 Tokyo-Yokohama
Japan
<13 million
More than 37 million
3 Zlín–Ostrava–Prague (TOP)
Czechia & Slovakia
<25 million
More than 15 million
4 Beijing-Shanghai-Tianjin-Shanghai Metropolitan triangle
China
<30 million Less than 50 Beijing, Shanghai
5 South Korea’s Gwangyeong-Busan region <5 millions More than 10 million

For cities with populations exceeding 4,000,000 in 2020[12]:

Rank City
1 Tokyo, Japan >38,140,000
2 Delhi, India ≥ 29,280,000
3 Sao Paulo, Brazil ≥ 20,970,000
4 Mexico City ≥ 22,300,000
5 Shanghai, China >24,160,000

Dubai and Japan: A City Comparison

Feature Dubai, UAE Tokyo, Japan (Megalopolis: >37.4 mn.)
Population within Urban Area >2.5 mn. ~38 mn. +

Consequences in Demography, Economy, Health and Environment

1: Growth and urbanization require adapting infrastructure, transportation network.
2: In an megalopolis a diverse economies will emerge, each one.
3:

We have explored the broader realm of urbanization as well as the larger picture by examining megascopes. We have discovered The Hierarchy of urbanity, Conurbation- metropolis-megaloplois. We look into the world of Japan Tokyo-Yokohama metropolitan area.

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