Why Was Mystras Abandoned?
Mystras, a once-thriving city in Greece, was abandoned for centuries, leaving behind only the remnants of its former glory. But what led to its downfall? In this article, we’ll delve into the history of Mystras and uncover the reasons behind its abandonment.
The History of Mystras
Mystras, also known as Mistras, is a fortified town and former municipality in Laconia, Peloponnese, Greece. It was founded in the 13th century AD by the Byzantines and became an important center of culture, art, and trade. The city flourished during the 14th to 15th centuries, but its fortunes began to decline in the 16th century.
The Ottoman Conquest
In 1460, Mystras was conquered by the Ottoman Empire, marking the beginning of a period of decline and decay. The Ottomans imposed their own administration, language, and culture on the city, causing a significant decrease in the local population. Many Greeks fled to other parts of Greece, such as Constantinople, or sought refuge in the nearby city of Sparta.
The Decline of the Byzantine Empire
The decline of the Byzantine Empire also contributed to the decline of Mystras. As the empire weakened, trade and commerce dwindled, and the city’s economy began to stagnate. The once-magnificent architecture and infrastructure of Mystras began to crumble, and the city’s cultural and artistic achievements were forgotten.
The Massacre of 1822
In 1822, the city of Mystras was devastated by a massacre carried out by Albanian Turks, who slaughtered the local population, including many women and children. This brutal event further decimated the city’s population and led to its complete abandonment.
The Final Blow
The final blow to Mystras came in 1831, when King Otto of Greece founded the new city of Sparta, 9 kilometers away. The move was intended to shift the focus of the Greek state to the more central location, leaving Mystras to crumble and decay.
A Brief Timeline of Mystras’ Abandonment
- 1460: Mystras is conquered by the Ottoman Empire
- 16th century: The local population begins to decline due to the Ottoman occupation
- 1822: The massacre of the local population
- 1831: King Otto founds the new city of Sparta, leading to the complete abandonment of Mystras
What Remains of Mystras Today
Today, Mystras is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a popular tourist destination. Visitors can explore the ruins of the city, including the Byzantine castle, churches, and monasteries. While much of the city has been destroyed, some of its ancient architecture remains, including the stunning frescoes that adorn the walls of the churches.
The Significance of Mystras Today
Mystras serves as a reminder of the complexities of history and the fleeting nature of human achievement. Despite its abandonment, the city remains an important cultural and historical site, and its legacy continues to inspire and educate people around the world.
In Conclusion
Mystras, once a thriving city, was abandoned due to a combination of factors, including the Ottoman conquest, the decline of the Byzantine Empire, and a brutal massacre. The city’s abandonment marked the end of an era, but its legacy lives on through its stunning architecture and the rich cultural heritage it has left behind.
Frequently Asked Questions
- Q: What was the cause of Mystras’ abandonment?
A: Mystras was abandoned due to a combination of factors, including the Ottoman conquest, the decline of the Byzantine Empire, and a brutal massacre. - Q: What remains of Mystras today?
A: Today, Mystras is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a popular tourist destination. Visitors can explore the ruins of the city, including the Byzantine castle, churches, and monasteries. - Q: Why is Mystras significant?
A: Mystras serves as a reminder of the complexities of history and the fleeting nature of human achievement. It remains an important cultural and historical site, and its legacy continues to inspire and educate people around the world.